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FreeBASIC OpNewOverload

目次演算子メモリ演算子Operator New Overload←オリジナル・サイト

演算子 New 多重定義 左にメニュー・フレームが表示されていない場合は、ここをクリックして下さい


UDT(User Defined Type)に適用するときに 演算子 New 式 によって提供される動的メモリー割り当て処理部分を多重定義するための、メンバー演算子。

構文:
declare operator new ( size as uinteger ) as any ptr
declare operator new[] ( size as uinteger ) as any ptr

パラメータ:
size
割り当てるバイト数

戻り値:
新しく割り当てられたメモリの先頭への any ptr 型のポインタ。

記述:
メンバ演算子 New Overload は、UDT(User Defined Type)に適用するとき、New Expression 演算子によって提供される動的メモリ割り当て処理部分を、多重定義します。
したがって、ユーザーは、独自の動的メモリー割り当てプロセス部分を定義できます。
しかしその後、New Expression 演算子によって提供される UDT インスタンス構築プロセス部分は、変更されません。

New[] Overload 演算子は、New Overload 演算子の(1次元)配列バージョンであり、UDT(ユーザー定義型 (User Defined Type))に適用するときに、New[] Expression 演算子によって提供される、動的メモリ割り当てプロセスを、多重定義します。

New Overload 演算子を使って割り振られたメモリーは、また、Delete Overload 演算子を定義して解放する必要があります。
New[] Overload 演算子で割り当てられたメモリは、また、Delete[] Overload 演算子(Delete Overload 演算子の配列バージョン)を定義することによって解放する必要があります。
異なるバージョンの演算子を混在させることはできません。

メンバー演算子 New Overload、および New[] Overload は、明示的に宣言されていなくても常に静的です。(staticキーワードは不要ですが、使うことはできます。)
したがって、暗黙の This インスタンス引数が渡されることはありません。(インスタンスはまだ構築されていないため。)

例:
メンバ演算子 "New([])Overload" と "Delete([])Overload" を使った、UDT 用の動的割り当て表示プログラム
(非常に単純な例、構文の使用だけ):
Type UDTdisplayer
  '' user UDT fields:
    Dim As Byte b(1 To 1024*1024)
  '' display fields:
    Public:
      Declare Operator New (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
      Declare Operator Delete (ByVal buf As Any Ptr)
      Declare Operator New[] (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
      Declare Operator Delete[] (ByVal buf As Any Ptr)
    Private:
      Declare Static Function allocation (ByRef N As String, ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
      Declare Static Sub deallocation (ByRef D As String, ByVal p As Any Ptr)
End Type

Operator UDTdisplayer.New (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
  Return UDTdisplayer.allocation("New", size)
End Operator

Operator UDTdisplayer.Delete (ByVal buf As Any Ptr)
  UDTdisplayer.deallocation("Delete", buf)
End Operator

Operator UDTdisplayer.New[] (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
  Return UDTdisplayer.allocation("New[]", size)
End Operator

Operator UDTdisplayer.Delete[] (ByVal buf As Any Ptr)
  UDTdisplayer.deallocation("Delete[]", buf)
End Operator

Function UDTdisplayer.allocation (ByRef N As String, ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
  Dim As Any Ptr p = Allocate(size)
  Print "memory allocation for " & size & " bytes from '" & N & "' at address: " & p
  Return p
End Function

Sub UDTdisplayer.deallocation (ByRef D As String, ByVal p As Any Ptr)
  Print "memory deallocation from '" & D & "' at address " & p
  Deallocate p
End Sub


Randomize
Dim As UDTdisplayer Ptr pu1 = New UDTdisplayer
Dim As UDTdisplayer Ptr pu2 = New UDTdisplayer[3]
Delete pu1
Delete[] pu2

Sleep

出力例(アドレスが対応している点が重要):
memory allocation for 1048576 bytes from 'New' at address: 32677920
memory allocation for 3145728 bytes from 'New[]' at address: 33775648
memory deallocation from 'Delete' at address 32677920
memory deallocation from 'Delete[]' at address 33775648

メモリを整列配置するプログラム:
Const ALIGN = 256

Type UDT
  Dim As Byte a(0 To 10 * 1024 * 1024 - 1) '' 10 megabyte fixed array
  Declare Operator New (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
  Declare Operator Delete (ByVal buffer As Any Ptr)
  Declare Constructor ()
  Declare Destructor ()
End Type

Operator UDT.New (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
  Print "  Overloaded New operator, with parameter size = &h" & Hex(size)
  Dim pOrig As Any Ptr = CAllocate(ALIGN-1 + SizeOf(UDT Ptr) + size)
  Dim pMin As Any Ptr = pOrig + SizeOf(UDT Ptr)
  Dim p As Any Ptr = pMin + ALIGN-1 - (CUInt(pMin + ALIGN-1) Mod ALIGN)
  Cast(Any Ptr Ptr, p)[-1] = pOrig
  Operator = p
  Print "  real pointer = &h" & Hex(pOrig), "return pointer = &h" & Hex(p)
End Operator

Operator UDT.Delete (ByVal buffer As Any Ptr)
  Print "  Overloaded Delete operator, with parameter buffer = &h" & Hex(buffer)
  Dim pOrig As Any Ptr = Cast(Any Ptr Ptr, buffer)[-1]
  Deallocate(pOrig)
  Print "  real pointer = &h" & Hex(pOrig)
End Operator

Constructor UDT ()
  Print "  Constructor, @This = &h" & Hex(@This)
End Constructor

Destructor UDT ()
  Print "  Destructor, @This = &h" & Hex(@This)
End Destructor

Print "'Dim As UDT Ptr p = New UDT'"
Dim As UDT Ptr p = New UDT

Print "  p = &h" & Hex(p)

Print "'Delete p'"
Delete p

Sleep

出力例:
'Dim As UDT Ptr p = New UDT'
  Overloaded New operator, with parameter size = &hA00000
  real pointer = &h420020   return pointer = &h420100
  Constructor, @This = &h420100
  p = &h420100
'Delete p'
  Destructor, @This = &h420100
  Overloaded Delete operator, with parameter buffer = &h420100
  real pointer = &h420020

メンバー演算子 "New [] Overload" および "Delete [] Overload" を使った、UDT用の動的割り当てマネージャ:
動作原理は、要求されたサイズで、割り当てられたアドレスを含む、まだ解放されていない成功した割り当ての、動的リストを管理することです:

Type UDTmanager
  '' user UDT fields:
    Dim As Byte b(1 To 1024*1024)
  '' manager fields:
    Public:
      Declare Operator New[] (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
      Declare Operator Delete[] (ByVal buf As Any Ptr)
      Static As UInteger maxmemory
    Private:
      Static As Any Ptr address()
      Static As UInteger bytes()
      Static upbound As UInteger
      Declare Static Function printLine (ByRef text As String, ByVal index As UInteger, ByVal sign As Integer) As UInteger
      Declare Static Sub endProgram ()
End Type

Dim As UInteger UDTmanager.maxmemory = 3 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024
ReDim UDTmanager.address(0)
ReDim UDTmanager.bytes(0)
Dim UDTmanager.upbound As UInteger = 0

Function UDTmanager.printLine (ByRef text As String, ByVal index As UInteger, ByVal sign As Integer) As UInteger
  Dim As UInteger total = 0
  For I As UInteger = 1 To UDTmanager.upbound
    If I <> index OrElse Sgn(sign) > 0 Then
      total += UDTmanager.bytes(I)
    End If
  Next I
  Print text, "&h" & Hex(UDTmanager.address(index), SizeOf(Any Ptr) * 2),
  If sign <> 0 Then
    Print Using " +####.## MB"; Sgn(sign) * Cast(Integer, UDTmanager.bytes(index) / 1024) / 1024;
  Else
    Print Using "( ####.## MB)"; UDTmanager.bytes(index) / 1024 / 1024;
  End If
  Print,
  Print Using "###.## GB"; total / 1024 / 1024 / 1024
  Return total
End Function

Sub UDTmanager.endProgram ()
  Do While UDTmanager.upbound > 0
    Deallocate UDTmanager.address(UDTmanager.upbound)
    UDTmanager.printLine("memory deallocation forced", UDTmanager.upbound, -1)
    UDTmanager.upbound -= 1
    ReDim Preserve UDTmanager.address(UDTmanager.upbound)
    ReDim Preserve UDTmanager.bytes(UDTmanager.upbound)
  Loop
  Print "end program forced"
  Print
  Sleep
  End
End Sub

Operator UDTmanager.New[] (ByVal size As UInteger) As Any Ptr
  Dim As Any Ptr p = Allocate(size)
  If p > 0 Then
    UDTmanager.upbound += 1
    ReDim Preserve UDTmanager.address(UDTmanager.upbound)
    ReDim Preserve UDTmanager.bytes(UDTmanager.upbound)
    UDTmanager.address(UDTmanager.upbound) = p
    UDTmanager.bytes(UDTmanager.upbound) = size
    If UDTmanager.printLine("memory allocation", UDTmanager.upbound, +1) > UDTmanager.maxmemory Then
      UDTmanager.address(0) = p
      UDTmanager.bytes(0) = size
      Print
      UDTmanager.printLine("memory allocation exceeded", 0, 0)
      UDTmanager.endProgram()
    End If
    Return p
  Else
    UDTmanager.address(0) = p
    UDTmanager.bytes(0) = size
    Print
    UDTmanager.printLine("memory allocation failed", 0, 0)
    UDTmanager.endProgram()
  End If
End Operator

Operator UDTmanager.Delete[] (ByVal buf As Any Ptr)
  Dim As UInteger found = 0
  For I As UInteger = 1 To UDTmanager.upbound
    If UDTmanager.address(I) = buf Then
      Deallocate buf
      UDTmanager.printLine("memory deallocation", I, -1)
      For J As UInteger = I + 1 To UDTmanager.upbound
        UDTmanager.address(J - 1) = UDTmanager.address(J)
        UDTmanager.bytes(J - 1) = UDTmanager.bytes(J)
      Next J
      UDTmanager.upbound -= 1
      ReDim Preserve UDTmanager.address(UDTmanager.upbound)
      ReDim Preserve UDTmanager.bytes(UDTmanager.upbound)
      found = 1
      Exit For
    End If
  Next I
  If found = 0 Then
    UDTmanager.address(0) = buf
    UDTmanager.bytes(0) = 0
    UDTmanager.printLine("deallocation not matching", 0, 0)
  End If
End Operator


Print "Message",, "Address" & Space(SizeOf(Any Ptr)), "Size", "Total"
Print
Randomize
Dim As UDTmanager Ptr pu1 = New UDTmanager[CUInt(Rnd() * 256 + 1)]
Dim As UDTmanager Ptr pu2 = New UDTmanager[CUInt(Rnd() * 256 + 1)]
Dim As UDTmanager Ptr pu3 = Cast(UDTmanager Ptr, 1)
Delete[] pu2
Delete[] pu3
Delete[] pu2
Delete[] pu1
Do
  Dim As UDTmanager Ptr pu = New UDTmanager[CUInt(Rnd() * 512 + 1)]
Loop

fbc 32ビット用の出力(最大動的データ < 2 GB)。
ここでは、メモリ割り当てが失敗したため、プログラムは停止しています:
Message                     Address       Size          Total

memory allocation           &h020E0020       +99.00 MB    0.10 GB
memory allocation           &h083F3020        +3.00 MB    0.10 GB
memory deallocation         &h083F3020        -3.00 MB    0.10 GB
deallocation not matching   &h00000001    (    0.00 MB)   0.10 GB
deallocation not matching   &h083F3020    (    0.00 MB)   0.10 GB
memory deallocation         &h020E0020       -99.00 MB    0.00 GB
memory allocation           &h020ED020      +103.00 MB    0.10 GB
memory allocation           &h087F2020      +106.00 MB    0.20 GB
memory allocation           &h0F20D020      +230.00 MB    0.43 GB
memory allocation           &h1D812020      +137.00 MB    0.56 GB
memory allocation           &h2612C020      +377.00 MB    0.93 GB
memory allocation           &h3DA30020      +275.00 MB    1.20 GB
memory allocation           &h4ED40020      +220.00 MB    1.41 GB
memory allocation           &h5C958020      +229.00 MB    1.64 GB

memory allocation failed    &h00000000    (  142.00 MB)   1.64 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h5C958020      -229.00 MB    1.41 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h4ED40020      -220.00 MB    1.20 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h3DA30020      -275.00 MB    0.93 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h2612C020      -377.00 MB    0.56 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h1D812020      -137.00 MB    0.43 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h0F20D020      -230.00 MB    0.20 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h087F2020      -106.00 MB    0.10 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h020ED020      -103.00 MB    0.00 GB
end program forced

fbc 64ビット用の出力(最大動的データ < 仮想メモリ)。
ここでは、合計割り当てメモリサイズ > 3 GB(調整可能しきい値)のため、プログラムが停止します。
Message                     Address                     Size          Total

memory allocation           &h0000000001EA5040            +105.00 MB    0.10 GB
memory allocation           &h00000000087BC040             +93.00 MB    0.19 GB
memory deallocation         &h00000000087BC040             -93.00 MB    0.10 GB
deallocation not matching   &h0000000000000001          (    0.00 MB)   0.10 GB
deallocation not matching   &h00000000087BC040          (    0.00 MB)   0.10 GB
memory deallocation         &h0000000001EA5040            -105.00 MB    0.00 GB
memory allocation           &h0000000001EA1040            +155.00 MB    0.15 GB
memory allocation           &h000000000B9BF040            +165.00 MB    0.31 GB
memory allocation           &h0000000015ED8040            +382.00 MB    0.69 GB
memory allocation           &h000000002DCE7040            +458.00 MB    1.13 GB
memory allocation           &h000000004A6FB040            +255.00 MB    1.38 GB
memory allocation           &h000000005A607040             +96.00 MB    1.48 GB
memory allocation           &h000000006061B040            +426.00 MB    1.89 GB
memory allocation           &h000000007FFF9040            +221.00 MB    2.11 GB
memory allocation           &h000000008DD03040            +119.00 MB    2.22 GB
memory allocation           &h0000000095413040            +147.00 MB    2.37 GB
memory allocation           &h000000009E727040            +217.00 MB    2.58 GB
memory allocation           &h00000000AC03C040            +334.00 MB    2.91 GB
memory allocation           &h00000000C0E4B040            +280.00 MB    3.18 GB

memory allocation exceeded  &h00000000C0E4B040          (  280.00 MB)   3.18 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h00000000C0E4B040            -280.00 MB    2.91 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h00000000AC03C040            -334.00 MB    2.58 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000009E727040            -217.00 MB    2.37 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h0000000095413040            -147.00 MB    2.22 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000008DD03040            -119.00 MB    2.11 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000007FFF9040            -221.00 MB    1.89 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000006061B040            -426.00 MB    1.48 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000005A607040             -96.00 MB    1.38 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000004A6FB040            -255.00 MB    1.13 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000002DCE7040            -458.00 MB    0.69 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h0000000015ED8040            -382.00 MB    0.31 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h000000000B9BF040            -165.00 MB    0.15 GB
memory deallocation forced  &h0000000001EA1040            -155.00 MB    0.00 GB
end program forced

方言差:
QBからの違い:
参照:
メモリ演算子 に戻る
演算子 に戻る
←リンク元に戻る プログラム開発関連に戻る

ページ歴史:2019-11-07 02:05:48
日本語翻訳:WATANABE Makoto、原文著作者:fxm

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